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Neurofeedback is an innovative, science-backed therapy that has gained popularity for improving cognitive function, as well as managing symptoms of various medical conditions, such as depression, ADHD, or chronic pain. However, since it is a relatively recent approach compared to traditional therapies, many wonder whether its benefits truly last over time. Does neurofeedback offer long-term results, or do improvements fade once training stops?

In this article, we’ll explore the factors that influence the duration of neurofeedback training, what scientific research says about its long-term effects, and how you can maintain results. As such, how long does neurofeedback last? Let's find out.

Key Takeaways

• Neurofeedback duration varies by individual—treatment typically involves 20-40 sessions over 3-6 months, but factors like session length, frequency, and condition severity influence results.

• Studies have shown that the benefits of neurofeedback were maintained 1-3 years after the therapy had ended. However, future research is required to fully confirm whether the benefits of neurofeedback can be maintained for years after completing the treatment.

• Long-term benefits depend on multiple factors, including the qualification of the neurofeedback provider, the goal of the patient, and the correct adjustment of protocols.

• Long-term benefits can be sustained through follow-ups, at-home neurofeedback brain training with devices like Mendi, lifestyle changes, and the implementation of other therapies or wellness practices.

Factors Affecting the Duration of Neurofeedback

Several factors influence the duration of neurofeedback training performed at a clinic. The length of individual neurofeedback sessions is a primary consideration. Sessions usually last between 30 to 45 minutes. But this can vary depending on treatment type and individual needs.

Session frequency significantly impacts therapy outcomes and whether the benefits will be long-lasting. Typically, individuals begin with 1-2 neurofeedback sessions per week, though this frequency can be adjusted according to progress and goals.

Comprehensive neurofeedback treatment generally involves 20 to 40 sessions spanning over 3-6 months. Still, the number of sessions also varies significantly based on the condition being treated and the patient's goal. Individuals with ADHD might need more sessions for substantial, long-lasting improvements, while those seeking cognitive enhancement may experience positive results after only 10 sessions.

Furthermore, individual variation and progress also determine the duration of neurofeedback treatment. Age, condition severity, and the ability to self-regulate brain function—all of these influence how quickly and effectively one responds to therapy.

At-home neurofeedback training using consumer-grade devices like the Mendi headband is a convenient way to consolidate the benefits of in-clinic therapy or simply improve cognitive function for wellness purposes. Since Mendi uses fNIRS technology to measure blood flow and oxygenation levels in the prefrontal cortex, users can continue brain training on their own schedule, integrating it into their wellness routine.

But how long do neurofeedback benefits last? Will one have to repeat the training?

How Long Does Neurofeedback Last?

Neurofeedback training has the potential to offer long-lasting benefits. Scientific studies and expert opinions support the long-term sustainability of neurofeedback benefits. This is rooted in the concept of neuroplasticity. Given that this therapy supports the formation of new neural pathways, the benefits are likely to be maintained even after the therapy is completed. Nonetheless, to enjoy neurofeedback therapy benefits for months and years to come, therapy results need to be continually reinforced (we'll discuss this below).

It is also worth mentioning that some people report improvements in mood, focus, and relaxation after just a few neurofeedback sessions. However, these initial effects may be temporary as the brain is still adjusting to the new brain patterns. If neurofeedback training is stopped, these benefits may not be maintained.

What Does Research Say About Long-Lasting Neurofeedback Benefits?

The long-lasting neurofeedback therapy benefits have been the subject of numerous studies. Here are some of them:

• Kouijzer et al. have shown that children with autism spectrum disorder treated with sessions of EEG biofeedback reported long-term treatment results after 12 months.

• In 2016, 25 healthy persons participated in an EEG-neurofeedback training study aimed at showing whether the results of this therapy are long-lasting. Scientists concluded that the increase in beta activity (observed during the treatment) was maintained over three years post-training.

• Scientists Paweł Dobrakowski and Grażyna Łebecka conducted a study that required the participation of 48 children with ADHD to investigate the effect of neurofeedback on working memory and check if that effect is long-lasting. The scientists concluded that the beneficial effects of neurofeedback on working memory were present a year after training.

• In 2010, Deborah A. Stokes and Marth S. Lappin conducted a study on the effects of neurofeedback and biofeedback on individuals with migraines. 37 migraine patients underwent approximately 40 neurofeedback sessions combined with thermal biofeedback. 26 patients experienced at least a 50% reduction in the frequency of their migraines. These results were maintained for approximately 14.5 months after the treatment had been completed.

Nonetheless, it is worth pointing out that the long-lasting effects of this therapy are still the subject of debate and research because individuals respond differently to treatment.

Factors that Influence the Long-Lasting Neurofeedback Therapy Benefits

Several factors influence the journey to achieving long-lasting benefits from neurofeedback.

First sessions are critical for creating a brain map to outline brain dysregulations. They are also important for adjusting protocols based on the patient's specific needs. Over the next sessions, the therapist analyzes how the treatment affects the patient. Mild side effects like fatigue or headaches may occur at the beginning. These side effects are typically temporary. Patients should inform their therapist about any side effects, and the protocol should be adjusted accordingly to mitigate them.

Secondly, the duration of benefits largely depends on individual goals. For conditions like ADHD or anxiety, benefit sustainability varies based on individual response. For wellness goals like cognitive enhancement or stress management, benefits might last longer. Plus, these patients may not need as many follow-up sessions.

Thirdly, the impact of other therapies and medications is another important factor. In some cases, neurofeedback combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or medications can lead to more comprehensive outcomes. Your therapist should monitor these interactions closely to ensure they are beneficial.

Last but not least, individual variation significantly influences the duration of therapy benefits. Age, medical conditions, lifestyle, and engagement in the process all influence the result duration. For example, younger individuals may experience longer-lasting benefits due to higher brain plasticity and adaptability.

There is one more thing that influences the effects of neurofeedback and the likelihood of enjoying long-lasting results. We're talking about the technology used for the treatment and whether the patient receives visual or auditory feedback. For example, neurofeedback is conventionally done through electroencephalography (EEG), which measures brainwave activity. However, there are other, more advanced neurofeedback technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These technologies can provide more comprehensive insights into brain activity and function and, therefore, lead to better results.

Working with Qualified Professionals

Engaging qualified professionals is crucial for long-lasting therapy benefits and avoiding potential side effects because:

• A certified neurofeedback practitioner tailors training programs to specific needs and ensures safety.

• Professionals use clinical interviews and standardized tests to identify challenges and strengths that are unique to each patient. These are crucial for an effective protocol.

• The initial assessment involves a comprehensive evaluation to determine specific goals and establish personalized outcomes for training.

• A qualified professional will track your progress and any changes in your brainwave patterns. They will then use the information to adjust the protocol for optimized results. Ongoing assessment ensures treatment efficacy and minimizes potential side effects.

Maintaining Results Post-Training

Neurofeedback is like psychotherapy - if you're undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy, you don't stop implementing your therapist's suggestions if you stop the therapy; instead, you incorporate them into your life and continuously sustain the results. This is also valid for neurofeedback.

If you have undergone in-clinic neurofeedback, regular follow-up sessions with your therapist are essential for addressing concerns and ensuring continued treatment effectiveness. Moreover, home-based neurofeedback devices, such as Mendi, can also help maintain therapy benefits. Consistent use of these devices solidifies session improvements.

Another factor that can influence post-therapy results is the patient's lifestyle. They should exercise regularly, get enough sleep, eat healthily, manage stress more effectively, and incorporate practices like meditation—all of these can reinforce neurofeedback benefits.

When practicing this brain training technique at home for wellness purposes, one can continue their training as long as they find it entertaining and useful to enjoy its benefits. They can also switch to different devices for a change of scenery. For example, let's say you've been using an EEG home device that analyzes brainwave patterns. You can switch to the Mendi headband, which uses functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology that measures blood flow and oxygenation levels.

Is Neurofeedback Safe?

Safety is a primary concern for those considering neurofeedback therapy. Fortunately, this brain training technique has few reported side effects, being a safe option for most people. Its non-invasive nature, without medications, further reinforces this therapy's safety profile.

Neurofeedback therapy is also considered safe for children and adolescents, being a viable option for pediatric treatment. This is particularly beneficial for conditions like ADHD, where traditional prescription medication might not be the best option.

However, the likelihood of side effects depends significantly on the neurofeedback provider’s experience, which is why we have reinforced this aspect in the previous sections. An experienced provider conducts a brain map before starting therapy and elaborates a personalized treatment plan, which is crucial to avoid side effects. If side effects do occur, the provider can assess and adjust the protocol to ensure symptom improvement and safety.

With home brain training devices like Mendi, side effects are minimal. Some users have reported mild headaches or eye strain after prolonged neurofeedback sessions. However, these effects should subside within 24-48 hours. They can be prevented by adjusting the duration and frequency of the sessions.

If you want to learn more about the possible side effects of neurofeedback, you can read our comprehensive guide on this topic.

Moreover, keep in mind that this article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making any decisions regarding your health.

Final Thoughts

According to research, neurofeedback can create lasting brain changes, improving focus, emotion regulation, and overall well-being. Long-term results depend on session frequency, individual goals, and lifestyle choices.

To sustain these benefits, home training is key. The Mendi headband offers an easy, research-backed way to strengthen your prefrontal cortex, enhancing different skills associated with this brain region!

Start training your brain with Mendi and enjoy neurofeedback benefits long-term!

Frequently Asked Questions

Are neurofeedback results permanent?

Studies have shown that neurofeedback results were noticed even 3 years post-treatment. However, everyone responds differently to treatment, and future research is required to assess whether the results can be permanent.

How long should you do neurofeedback?

The length of your neurofeedback therapy depends on your therapy goal. On average, you may need between 20-40 sessions, although some are happy with their results after only 10 neurofeedback sessions.

How long do neurofeedback side effects last?

Neurofeedback side effects should not last more than 24-48 hours. If they do, you should talk to your therapist and ask to adjust the protocol accordingly.

How to tell if neurofeedback is working?

You may notice improvements in mood, focus, or relaxation after just a few neurofeedback sessions, although the improvements depend on your specific goals. Sustained effort is needed to achieve long-term benefits, which can take several weeks and even months.

Does neurofeedback affect other therapies?

Neurofeedback can be used alongside other therapies as long as your doctor confirms it is safe.